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Property and the Public Trust Doctrine (No. 39)
Summary
Eminent domain, or a regulatory taking that destroys all property value, requires compensation to be provided to the owner. The public trust doctrine avoids compensation by justifying a wide range of government controls. These mandates, in the name of environmental protection, may vary from allowing everyone the right to access some private property to preventing owners from using their property. PERC Senior Fellow Randy Simmons explains the murky legal origins of the public trust doctrine and its recent expansion. Building on other PERC research by law professor James Huffman and economist Gary Libecap, Simmons lays out some of the practical political and economic consequences of the adoption of this doctrine. Some supporters, merely seeking added fishing holes to enjoy, may unwittingly support a policy that could seriously erode a key feature of American progress—the right to be secure in one’s property. Randy T. Simmons is a professor and head of the Department of Political Science at Utah State University. A long-time PERC Senior Fellow, Simmons is a graduate of the University of Oregon. His research and publications focus on politics and the environment. Politics are not just academic, as Simmons serves as mayor of Providence, Utah. |
"Progress toward improving our environment cannot solely rely on environmental regulations."
- Eric Raffini, EPA |
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The public trust doctrine is a little-known bit of legal history that is now touted as an ancient rule of law that allows governments to control property long presumed to be privately owned.